Half of People Facing Cataract Blindness Still Lack Access to Surgery, WHO Warns

Half of People Facing Cataract Blindness Still Lack Access to Surgery, WHO Warns

Half of People Facing Cataract Blindness Still Lack Access to Surgery, WHO Warns

Vocabulary
Instruction: Repeat after your teacher.

Cataract (KAT-uh-rakt) /ˈkætərækt/
Type: noun
Meaning: a condition that makes the eye cloudy
Synonyms: eye disease
Example: A cataract can cause blurred vision.

Surgery (SUR-juh-ree) /ˈsɜːrdʒəri/
Type: noun
Meaning: a medical operation
Synonyms: operation
Example: Surgery can restore sight.

Blindness (BLIND-nes) /ˈblaɪndnəs/
Type: noun
Meaning: inability to see
Synonyms: loss of sight
Example: Cataract can lead to blindness.

Article Reading
Instruction: Read aloud the article.

The World Health Organization says that many people with cataract still do not have access to simple surgery that can restore their vision. Cataract happens when the lens of the eye becomes cloudy. This causes blurred vision and can lead to blindness if untreated. More than 94 million people worldwide are affected by cataract. The surgery to treat it usually takes only about 15 minutes and is one of the most effective and affordable medical procedures available. After surgery, many people regain clear sight immediately. Although access to cataract surgery has improved over the past 20 years, progress is still too slow. In some regions, especially in Africa, many people who need surgery remain untreated. Women are also more likely than men to lack access to care. Experts say countries must improve eye health services, especially in rural and poor communities. With better access, millions of people could regain independence and improve their quality of life.

Comprehension Questions
Instruction: Read the sentence. Answer true or false. If false, give the correct information.

TRUE OR FALSE
1. Cataract makes the eye cloudy.
2. Surgery for cataract takes several hours.
3. Millions of people have cataract.
4. Women have equal access to surgery everywhere.
5. Cataract surgery can restore sight.


FILL IN THE BLANKS
Choices: cataract surgery blindness

1. A __________ causes cloudy vision.
2. Without treatment, cataract can lead to __________.
3. Simple __________ can restore sight.
4. Millions of people need __________ treatment.
5. __________ surgery is affordable and effective.
Speak Up
Instruction: Answer in one short sentence.

1. What is a cataract?
2. Why is surgery important?
3. Why do some people not get treatment?
4. Should eye health be part of primary care?
5. How does vision affect daily life?
Vocabulary
Instruction: Repeat after your teacher.

Access (AK-ses) /ˈæksɛs/
Type: noun
Meaning: ability to get or use something
Synonyms: availability
Example: Access to surgery is limited in some regions.
Task: Make a sentence using access.

Inequality (in-ih-KWOL-i-tee) /ˌɪnɪˈkwɒlɪti/
Type: noun
Meaning: unfair difference between groups
Synonyms: imbalance
Example: Gender inequality affects health care.
Task: Create a sentence using inequality.

Infrastructure (IN-fruh-struhk-cher) /ˈɪnfrəˌstrʌktʃər/
Type: noun
Meaning: basic systems needed for services
Synonyms: facilities
Example: Poor infrastructure limits medical care.
Task: Use infrastructure in a sentence.

Article Reading
Instruction: Read aloud the article.

The World Health Organization is urging governments to improve access to cataract surgery, as nearly half of those facing cataract-related blindness still lack treatment. Cataract remains one of the leading causes of avoidable blindness worldwide. Despite a 15% increase in global coverage over the past two decades, progress has not kept pace with ageing populations and rising cases. In regions with limited medical infrastructure, shortages of trained eye-care professionals and long waiting times continue to restrict access. The problem is also linked to inequality. Women are disproportionately affected and often have lower access to surgery than men. Financial barriers, lack of awareness, and distance from medical centers further widen the gap. Health experts emphasize integrating vision screening into primary health care and investing in rural services. Addressing inequality and strengthening infrastructure could significantly reduce preventable blindness.

Comprehension
Instruction: Answer the questions based on the article.

1. Why is WHO concerned about access?
2. What factors limit cataract surgery coverage?
3. How does inequality affect treatment?
4. Why is infrastructure important?
5. What solutions are suggested?
Speak Up
Instruction: Share your opinion and explain your answer.

1. Why is access to health care important?
2. How can inequality affect medical treatment?
3. Should eye exams be part of primary care?
4. Why do women face more barriers?
5. How can governments improve infrastructure?
6. Is cost a major factor in health access?
7. How does ageing population increase demand?
8. What happens when blindness is untreated?
9. Should surgery be subsidized?
10. How can awareness campaigns help?
Vocabulary
Instruction: Repeat after your teacher.

Avoidable (uh-VOY-duh-buhl BLIND-nes)
Type: /əˈvɔɪdəbl ˈblaɪndnəs/
Meaning: type: noun
Meaning: vision loss that can be prevented
Synonyms: preventable blindness
Example: Cataract is a major cause of avoidable blindness.

Equitable (EK-wi-tuh-buhl kair)
Type: /ˈɛkwɪtəbl kɛər/
Meaning: type: noun
Meaning: fair access to health services
Synonyms: equal care
Example: Equitable care reduces disparities.

Primary (PRY-muh-ree helth kair)
Type: /ˈpraɪməri hɛlθ kɛər/
Meaning: type: noun
Meaning: basic first-level health services
Synonyms: frontline care
Example: Cataract screening should be part of primary health care.

Idioms / Phrasal Verbs
Instruction: Read and understand the expressions.

close the gap – reduce differences Example sentence: Countries must close the gap in access.
scale up – increase effort Example sentence: Governments should scale up eye-care services.
left behind – not included or helped
Example sentence: Rural populations are often left behind.
Article Reading
Instruction: Read aloud the article.

According to the World Health Organization, nearly half of individuals facing cataract-related avoidable blindness still lack access to life-changing surgery. Cataract surgery remains one of the most cost-effective medical interventions, yet disparities persist across regions. While global coverage has improved, it has not expanded fast enough to meet the target set by the World Health Assembly for 2030. The African Region faces the widest gap, with a large proportion of untreated cases. Women and marginalized populations are disproportionately affected, reflecting long-standing inequities in health systems. Expanding equitable care requires investment in surgical infrastructure, training and distribution of eye-care professionals, and reducing out-of-pocket costs. Integrating eye screening into primary health care can ensure early detection and timely referral. With sustained commitment and coordinated action, countries can close the gap and prevent millions of cases of avoidable blindness, restoring dignity, independence, and opportunity to those affected.

Comprehension
Instruction: Answer the questions based on the article.

1. Why is cataract surgery considered cost-effective?
2. Which region faces the largest treatment gap?
3. Why are women disproportionately affected?
4. How can equitable care improve outcomes?
5. Why is primary health care important?
Speak Up
Instruction: Respond thoughtfully using advanced vocabulary.

1. Should cataract surgery be universally free?
2. How can governments scale up eye-care services?
3. What policies promote equitable care?
4. How does avoidable blindness affect economies?
5. Why are rural populations left behind?
6. Should eye screening be mandatory for elderly people?
7. How can global health partnerships help?
8. What role does data play in health planning?
9. How can inequality be reduced in health care?
10. What long-term benefits come from restoring sight?
Source: World Health Organization