Ethiopia Declares End to Marburg Virus Outbreak: Global Health Update

Global Climate Talks Continue as Nations Face Growing Pressure

Global Climate Talks Continue as Nations Face Growing Pressure

Vocabulary
Instruction: Repeat after your teacher.

Virus (VY-ruhs) /ˈvaɪrəs/
Type: noun
Meaning: a tiny germ that can make people sick
Synonyms: germ, infection
Example: The virus made some people very ill.

Outbreak (OUT-brayk) /ˈaʊtbreɪk/
Type: noun
Meaning: when many people get sick at about the same time
Synonyms: epidemic, flare-up
Example: The outbreak caused health officials to act.

Health (HELTH) /hɛlθ/
Type: noun
Meaning: the condition of a person’s body and mind
Synonyms: wellbeing, fitness
Example: Good health is important for everyone.

Article Reading
Instruction: Read aloud the article.

Health officials in Ethiopia have announced that a serious virus outbreak is over. The illness, called Marburg virus disease, made people very sick and caused several deaths earlier last year. The government and health workers followed people who had contact with patients to check their health and prevent more spread. The outbreak began when people showed symptoms like fever, headache, and tiredness. Doctors used special tests to confirm that the patients were infected with the virus. Because Marburg virus can be very dangerous, health teams worked hard to find and care for sick people quickly. After many weeks with no new confirmed cases, officials said the outbreak had ended. This news brings hope to families and communities in Ethiopia. It shows how important it is for countries to work together to protect people’s health.

Comprehension Questions
Instruction: Read the sentence. Answer true or false. If false, give the correct information

TRUE OR FALSE
1. The outbreak was caused by a virus.
2. The virus was easy to treat.
3. Health workers checked people who were in contact with patients.
4. New confirmed cases continued every day.
5. The outbreak is now over.

FILL IN THE BLANKS
Choices: virus outbreak health

1. The __________ made many people sick.
2. An __________ means many illnesses happen at once.
3. Doctors checked people’s __________ carefully.
4. Ethiopia said the outbreak is __________ now.
5. The __________ of patients improved with care.
Speak Up
Instruction: Answer in one short sentence.

1. What is a virus outbreak?
2. Why is health important?
3. How can outbreaks end?
4. Have you heard of Marburg virus before?
5. How should communities protect their health?
Vocabulary
Instruction: Repeat after your teacher.

Contain (kuhn-TAYN) /kənˈteɪn/
Type: verb
Meaning: to stop something from spreading
Synonyms: control, limit
Example: Medical teams tried to contain the virus.
Task: Explain how you might contain a virus.

Monitoring (MAH-ni-ter-ing) /ˈmɒnɪtərɪŋ/
Type: noun
Meaning: watching something closely over time
Synonyms: observation
Example: Officials were monitoring contacts of patients.
Task: Why is monitoring important during an outbreak?

Contacts (KON-takts) /ˈkɒntækts/
Type: noun
Meaning: people who were near sick persons
Synonyms: exposures
Example: All contacts were checked for symptoms.
Task: Give an example of a contact in daily life.

Article Reading
Instruction: Read aloud the article.

Health authorities in Ethiopia have declared the end of the first ever Marburg virus disease outbreak in the country, after rigorous monitoring and follow-up of people who were exposed to the virus. The Marburg virus, a serious virus that can cause severe illness, was confirmed in several cases late last year. Health workers and officials focused on quick identification and care for patients, aiming to contain the spread. Marburg virus disease causes symptoms such as fever, headache, vomiting, and muscle aches. In the worst cases, it can lead to bleeding and organ failure. Health teams tested people with symptoms to confirm the infection. They also identified people who had been near sick individuals — called contacts — and monitored them for signs of illness for many days. After no new confirmed cases were reported during consecutive monitoring cycles, officials announced that the outbreak had ended. This outcome was possible because of careful teamwork between Ethiopia’s health ministry and international partners, including the World Health Organization. The effort highlights the importance of early detection, rapid care, and strong public health systems in stopping dangerous outbreaks.

Comprehension
Instruction: Answer the questions based on the article.

1. What steps were taken to contain the virus?
2. What are common symptoms of Marburg virus disease?
3. Why were contacts monitored?
4. How did officials know the outbreak ended?
5. Who helped Ethiopia manage the outbreak?
Speak Up
Instruction: Share your opinion and explain your answer.

1. How can we contain a virus in a community?
2. Why is monitoring contacts important in outbreaks?
3. What is the difference between a virus and a bacteria?
4. How should schools respond to infectious disease news?
5. How do international health groups help during outbreaks?
6. What symptoms are serious and need medical care?
7. Should outbreaks be reported quickly to the public? Why?
8. How can communities support sick family members?
9. What makes an outbreak harder to control?
10. What lessons can other countries learn from this story?
Vocabulary
Instruction: Repeat after your teacher.

Epidemiology (eh-pee-dee-mee-AH-loh-jee) /ˌɛpɪdiːmiˈɒlədʒi/
Type: noun
Meaning: the study of how diseases spread and are controlled
Synonyms: public health science
Example: Epidemiology guides outbreak response planning.
Task: Explain how epidemiology helps during health crises.

Incubation (in-kyuh-BAY-shun) /ˌɪnkjʊˈbeɪʃən/
Type: noun
Meaning: the time between infection and symptoms
Synonyms: latency period
Example: The incubation period varies by virus.
Task: Why is knowing incubation time important?

Dignified (DIG-nuh-fyd) /ˈdɪɡnɪfaɪd/
Type: adjective
Meaning: showing respect and care for a person’s worth
Synonyms: respectful
Example: Patients received a safe and dignified burial.
Task: Discuss why dignified care is important in outbreaks.

Idioms / Phrasal Verbs
Instruction: Read and understand the expressions.

track down – find someone or something through careful searching
Example sentence: Health teams had to track down all contacts of confirmed cases.

step up – increase effort
Example sentence: Officials had to step up monitoring during the outbreak.

hold off – delay or prevent something from happening
Example sentence: Quick care helped hold off further spread of the virus.
Article Reading
Instruction: Read aloud the article.

The Ministry of Health in Ethiopia has officially declared the end of the first documented Marburg virus disease outbreak in the nation after a sustained period of zero confirmed cases. Marburg virus disease, a severe haemorrhagic fever with high fatality rates, was first detected in Jinka town and surrounding areas late in 2025. Epidemiology teams rapidly mobilized to investigate and respond to the outbreak, implementing contact tracing, monitoring, and supportive care. Marburg virus disease presents an incubation period that can last up to three weeks, during which infected individuals may not show symptoms but can develop severe illness. Symptoms often start abruptly with fever, malaise, and muscle pain, and can progress to gastrointestinal distress, organ failure, and severe bleeding in advanced cases. Health teams identified all potential contacts of confirmed and probable cases, monitored them for signs of illness, and provided medical support when necessary. After two full incubation periods passed without new confirmed infections, the Ministry of Health, supported by the World Health Organization and local partners, announced the outbreak’s end. This milestone also came after careful, respectful, and dignified treatment of those affected and their families. The response demonstrated the importance of early detection, thorough epidemiology work, and international cooperation to hold off further spread of dangerous infectious diseases

Comprehension
Instruction: Answer the questions based on the article.

1. What role did epidemiology play in controlling the outbreak?
2. Why is the incubation period significant?
3. How did authorities ensure dignified care?
4. Why did officials wait two incubation periods before declaring the outbreak over?
5. What elements contributed to ending the outbreak?
Speak Up
Instruction: Respond thoughtfully using advanced vocabulary.

1. How can epidemiology improve outbreak response strategies?
2. Should countries invest more in outbreak monitoring systems? Why?
3. What ethical considerations arise during outbreak contact tracing?
4. How should communities balance privacy and public health?
5. What lessons about virus control are most important globally?
6. How can international cooperation be strengthened for future outbreaks?
7. What challenges arise during incubation periods in outbreaks?
8. How can health communication improve community trust?
9. Should dignified care be standard in all health crises?
10. How can public health education help prevent outbreaks?
Source: BBC World News – Climate negotiations and global talks